Mastitis: What is it and how to manage it?

Breastfeeding is a beautiful and powerful way to nourish and bond with your baby, but it doesn’t always come without its bumps. One common challenge is mastitis, an inflammation of the breast tissue that can cause discomfort, pain, and even infection. In this article, we'll explore what mastitis is, its symptoms, and most importantly, how to manage it.

What is mastitis?

Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast tissue that can happen when breastfeeding. It's usually caused by a blocked milk duct or a bacterial infection. Mastitis can be painful and uncomfortable, but with proper treatment and self-care, it can be managed effectively.

Common symptoms of mastitis

Every breastfeeding mum’s experience is different, but common signs include:

• Breast pain or tenderness
• Swelling or redness of the breast
• Fever or chills
• Flu-like symptoms
• A lump or hard area in the breast

If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's essential to seek medical attention to determine the cause and receive proper treatment.

How to manage mastitis

Taking care of yourself during mastitis is key. Here’s how you can help your body heal and keep feeding:

• Continue breastfeeding: Yes, you read that right! Continuing to breastfeed can help clear the blocked duct and reduce inflammation. But if the pain is too much, you can express milk manually or use a breast pump.
• Apply cold packs: Cold relieves pain and swelling. You can use covered cool packs on the affected breast between feeds.
• Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help thin out breast milk and reduce the risk of clogged ducts.
• Rest: Getting plenty of rest can help your body fight off the infection and recover faster.
• Probiotics: research suggests that probiotic supplements may help for some individuals in reducing the occurrences of mastitis. Speak to your healthcare professional to find out more.
• Pain relief: Using paracetamol or ibuprofen to manage pain levels of mastitis. 
• Seek medical attention: If your symptoms persist or worsen, consult your healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. They may prescribe antibiotics or provide additional guidance.

Helping the milk to flow

A slower milk flow from the affected breast can sometimes make your baby fussy during feeding. Here are some gentle tips to encourage smooth milk flow and keep things comfortable: 

To encourage relaxation and milk flow:

• Loosen or remove your bra.
• Find a comfortable, relaxing position.
• Practice deep, even breathing.
• Listen to calming music.
• Enjoy skin-to-skin contact with your baby.

Just before feeding:

• Gently stroke your breast towards the nipple.
• Warm your breast with a gel pack or warm cloth. Avoid warmth at other times as it can increase inflammation.

After feeding:

• If your breast still feels full, express milk until you feel more comfortable.

Can you prevent mastitis?

While mastitis can't be completely prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

• Frequent feeding: Regular feeding can help prevent clogged ducts and reduce the risk of mastitis. 
• Proper latch: Ensure a proper latch to avoid nipple trauma and reduce the risk of infection. 
• Good hygiene: Keep your breasts clean, and wash your hands before feeding or expressing milk.
• Avoid tight clothing: Wear comfortable, well-fitting clothing that doesn't constrict your breasts.

The bottom line

Mastitis can be a challenging and painful experience, but with proper management and self-care, you can recover quickly and continue breastfeeding. Remember to seek medical attention if your symptoms persist or worsen, and don't hesitate to reach out to a lactation consultant or healthcare professional for guidance and support. By understanding mastitis and taking steps to manage it, you can continue to provide your baby with the best possible start in life.

Reviewed by the Healthylife health experts August 2025.